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(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 1.

H. B AG.GALEY. MANUFACTURE 'OF TILES No. 471,740. Patented Mar. 29. 1892.

(No Model!) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. BAGGALEY. MANUFACTURE OF TILES.

Patented Mar} 29, 1892,

(Remodel) 4 Sheets-Sheet v H. BAGG'ALEY. MANUFACTURE OI TILES.

No.'471 ,74 0. Patented Mar.29,18'92.

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,v -4'Sheets-Sheet 4. GALEY.

H. BAG MANUPAOTU (No Model.)

RE QFTILBS. Pate nted Mar, 29, 1892..

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY BAGGALEY, OF STOKE-ON-TRENT, ENGLAND.

MANUFACTURE OF TILES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 471,740, dated March 29, 1892.

Application filed March 14, 1891. Serial No. 384,989. (No specimens.)

T0 aZZ whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, HENRY BAGGALEY, a subject of the Queen of England, residing at Stoke-on-Trent, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Tiles and other Porcelain, Earthenware, and Similar Goods; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to the manufacture of inlaid and embossed tiles and other goods or articles made of various kinds of porcelain, earthenware, marl, and the like; and in carrying the invention into practice I prefer to proceed as will presently appear.

Hitherto it has been customary when producing inlaid tiles to mold them upon a flat surface, thus producing a flat surface in the result, the pattern being inlaid in the body of the tile, or where embossed designs have been made they have all been produced in the one color subsequently painted. Now, by my invention I can produce upon a plain ground an embossed, inlaid, and colored design, the color of each portion of the design extending entirely through that portion, a distinct color-body being employed for each separate portion.

The invention may be carried out in various ways differing as to detail; but the following description will show one method by which I have produced extremely satisfactory results. In making a tile of this description I employ an indented die-plate in which the pattern to appear raised upon the tile is sunk below the level of the plate, and I use in connection with this indented plate plates having certain portions of the design out out of them similar to the well-known stencil-plates. These plates and the indented die-plate are all adapted to fit in their proper positions in the press, so that in using them the various parts shall properly correspond. Upon the indented plate is placed a pattern -plate having the complete pattern cut out of it. Upon the pattern-plate is placed the first of the stencils. The indented plate and pattern-plate form a sectional mold of which the pattern plate comprises the upper section and the indented plate the lower section. The opening or openings in this first stencil are filled w th the requisite color-body, and the stencil is then removed and No. 2 stencil placed upon the pattern-plate, and the same operation repeated with that and the succeeding stencils until thewhole of the pattern in its various colors is complete. The last of the stencils is removed, and a stamper having the pattern raised upon it in high relief is placed upon the pattern-plate, so as to compress the dust in the various parts of the pattern. The pattern plate is now lifted off, carrying the stamper, which is of considerable weight, with it, and the whole design appears upon the indented plate or lower section of the mold, standing above the indented plate and partly within it. An apparatus known as the toolbox is now raised up all round the indented plate and the design upon it, like the molding-box of an ordinary molding-machine for metal casting, and in this box the material of which the body of the tile is to be made is first carefully applied and then the whole of the tool-box" filled up. After this a plunger comes down in such amanner that'the whole of the tile is compressed to the required consistency and thickness, with the result that in the body of the tile, which may be all of the one color, is the pattern inlaid of the required depth, each portion of it having its own proper and complete color'and the whole pattern projecting beyond the tile. The tile can now be removed from the indented plate and sition upon the press-block or anvil and the tool-box in its lowered position. Fig. 2 is an elevation of Fig. 1 with the molding-face of the indented die-plate in section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and a are views of portions of the stencil-plates. Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to the upper part of Fig. 2, but with the pattern-plate in position; and Fig. 6 is a similar view with a stencil-plate on the pattern-plate and the ornament-producing dust filled in. Fig. 7 is a similar view with the stencil-plate removed and showing the stamper in operation. Fig. 8 is a view generally similar to Fig. 2 and showing the toolbox raised and the apparatus otherwise ready for receiving the (lust for forming the tilebody. Fig. 9 is a section through a tile in which the design extends to a small extent I into the tile-body, and Fig. is asimilar section showing the design extending completely through the tile-body.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings. v

A is the indented die-plate in which the pattern is sunk to the required depth; B, the block or anvil on which it is supported in the press, and C is the tool-box capable of being raised and lowered around the anvil, as shown in Figs. 8 and 2, respectively.

O are the usual stud-pins secured in the tool-box O, and over which are passed the holes in the various pattern and stencil plates to insure their always being in proper operative position over the die-plate A, as hereinafter explained.

D D, Figs. 3 and 4, are'two different stencil-plates which are used when it is desired to produce a tile with the design shown in Fig. l in two colors, the plate D enabling the indentations a of Fig. 1 to be filled withdust of one color to the exclusion of the indentations (1 and a and the plate D enabling the indentations a to be'filled with dust of another color to the exclusion of a and a ,while if it be necessary to have anotherdist-inguishing color for a this may be inserted by means of another stencil-plate having a central opening, but no openings over the indentations a and a.

E, Figs. 5, 6, and 7, is the pattern-plate or upper section of the sectional mold, and F F,

7, is the stamper, both of which are provided with holes for passing over the pins 0, as shown in these figures. The projections F of the stamperare an exact reproduction in high relief on plate F of the pattern on the die-plate and (according to the design taken for illustration) represented in Fig.' 1, and

another reproduction of which perforates the pattern-plate E, or upper section ofthe mold.

When it is desired to construct a tile with l the before-described apparatus, the tool-box O is'moved to its lowest position, and, the lower sectionof the mold or indented die-plate A;

having also been properly secured on-the anvil B, the upper section of the mold or patternplate E is placed upon it, as shown in Fig. 5. i

If the whole design is to be produced in one color only, no stencil-plate will be required,

for it will be sufficient merely to completely fill up theopenings of the pattern-plate with dust of the desired color, this dust falling into and also filling up the indentations in the indented die-plate A. It, however, the design is to be produced in three different colors-say, for example, pink in i-ndentar.

tions 0/, green in indentations a, and blue in the central indentation a then stencilplates are employed asfollows: The stencilplate D is laid on the pattern -plate E, and the indentations a and corresponding parts of the design in .the pattern-plate E, as shown in Fig. 6,are filled with pink dust through theop'enings instencil-plate D, the dust being properly distributed in said openings and the superfluous dust being removed from the surface of D by a striker or other suitable device. The stencil-plate D is then removed and plate D put in its place, and the indentations a and corresponding openings in pat tern-plate E are filled with green dust. The stencil-plate D is then removed and another stencil-plate having a central opening corresponding to the indentation a is put in its place, and said indentation and central opening in pattern-plate E are then filled with blue dust, the superfluous dust inthis, as in all theother filling operations, being removed from the upper surface of the stencil-plate by means of a striker or equivalent device. The various colors of the design being new properly distributed, the last stencil-plate is removed and the stamper is put in its place so that its projecting design F will rest on the dust in the various openings in the patternplate, as shown in Fig. 7. The press plunger, lever, or equivalent is'then brought to bear on the stamper, with the result that the dust becomes solidified or agglomerated, and after the pressure is withdrawn .and the stamper F F and pattern-plate E removed (these being preferably removed simultaneously) the whole design appears upon the indented die-plate A, standing partly above it and partly Within itsindentations. The toolbox 0 is then raised, as shown in Fig. 8, and supported in its raised position by counterweighted levers or other of the usual means and the space presented above the indented die-plate is filled with dust to form the body of the tile. The whole mass of dust, as usual, is then subjected to heavy pressure, so as to solidify it, and after the removal of the pressure and the lowering of the tool-box O the embryo tile may be lifted cit the indented dieplate A and taken away for subsequent drying and firing. It will thus be seen that the finished tile will have the colored design standing out in relief from the body, into which it also extends to a greater or less extent, as shown in Fig. 9, according to the thickness of pattern-plate employed. If itbe desired to form the tile with the design extending right through it, as in Fig. 10, the pattern -plate E would be proportionately deep, and the design in such plate could be worked out in thin metal, so as to provide pocketsfor receiving the body-forming dust, which under these circumstances would also be introduced by means of stencil-plates.

Another manner of producing a tilewith the pattern extending completely through it is to employ a pattern-plate not provided with pockets for receiving the body-forming dust,

as last described, but of sufficient thickness say, for example, one-half or five-eighths of an inch thick-and toproceed in the manner hereinbefore described at the part ofthis specification commencing when it is desired to construct a tile and ending the indented die-plate is filled with dust to form the body of the tile. When the body-forming dust is filled into the raised tool-box 0, it will completely cover the pattern-producing dust, and after it has been compressed and the tile is, say, half an inch thick, the pattern may extend into the body of the tile to within, say, one-sixteenth of an inch of the entire thickness. By lowering the tool-box O to the required extent and with a suitable blade or toolsuch as a wide chiselremoving the superfluous sixteenth of an inch of body-forming dust the pattern will be caused to appear on both sides of the tile, extending entirely through it.

It will be understood that the before-described or other design may be produced in two or more colors or in one color which does 7 not extend throughout the whole design. For

example, the indentations a may be reproduced in green and the remaining parts of directly on the surface of the anvil B or using a flat or smooth plateAand a flat-faced plunger I can produce a tile which will be flat on both sides and have a pattern the color of which will extend completely through the body of the tile.

Hitherto I have spoken of the die-plate as being indented-that is, having the design sunk into it-and the same of the press-plunger. It will, however, be understood that the whole or a portion of the design'upon either the die-plate or press-plunger maybe in relief, so as to produce an intaglio or sunk design or part of a design upon the tile or other article.

The above description relating to fiat tiles will sufficiently serve to show the application of this invention to other articles which need not be flat, but may be curved or otherwise shaped, as required, the necessary alterations in the apparatus being accordingly made.

I claim 7 I The herein-described method of producing a tile or other analogous article havingaplain ground and an inlaid and colored design provided with a smooth finished face, which consists in forming the colored design by dusting differently-colored powdered or comminuted clays successively and separately into a sectional mold by means of a series of stenoil-plates corresponding, respectively,with the outlines of the differently-colored portions of the design, then smoothing and finishing the face of the design by compressing said clays in a dry state or condition by means of a stamper, then forming the plain ground by removing the upper section of the mold and dusting powdered or comminuted body-forming material upon the face of the lower section of the mold and around the design, and then uniting and agglomerating the mass, for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereto set my hand in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY BAGGALEY.

Witnesses:

W. A. OowLIsHAW, WM. E. PIOKERING. 

